First two are from the Victorian era, so that's true. But it does mean that effeminate depictions are not 20th century nor Japanese in origin. The last one is an illuminated manuscript from the 12th century. Archangels are also assigned specific genders, but this does vary from religion to religion, and even further once you break down into denominations. Some say angels have sex, others believe they are sexless beings. but i majorly digress, HOHOHO
Here are some more illuminated manuscripts from the medieval period
Knight kneeling:
Two Martyrs:
Lancelot and Guinevere:
St. George and the Dragon, again:
Knight presented with ring:
Three Kings from the Orient:
French lord and lady:
Lord hunting:
All from the 15th century and prior.
Of course, even early 20th Century Germany loved them some pretty boys:
Siegfried, from Fritz Lang's Der Nibelungen circa 1924.