The difference is you would need to load all those backgrounds into the game file itself. The backgrounds themselves could still be comprised simply of tiles. Yes, you're loading the backgrounds into the RAM, but you're not loading ALL the backgrounds into the RAM. You only need one background and that background will only exist for the current room. When you change rooms, you'll need to replace that background with the next surface.
In other words, you could make 30 rooms from 10 tile sets. To ignore tiles and just use backgrounds, you would need 30+ background files, each of which would be saved in/with the executable and loaded into the RAM (this was kinda resolved in Studio, if I read the comments right). With tiles, only the 10 tile sets would be saved and loaded. One tile set could be 128x256 pixels in size, while one room could be 1024x448 in size, for example. For the sake of argument, assume all tile sets are the same size and all rooms are the same size. In a game with 30 rooms, that'd be 1,280KB for tile sets or 53,760KB for backgrounds, if I did my math right. That's a 4200% difference, 1.25MB vs. 52.5MB.
Also, you can still use those hidden tiles to write a tile collision map. So no, it hardly makes tiles useless. Far from it. It just makes working with them tedious. Like I said, too, if you force the game to run at 60FPS, the drawing handicap isn't noticeable. I never knew how slow tiles were until I set my room speed to 1000. Even without tiles, the fastest my computer would let me run a room was 550 FPS. ... I guess my graphics card sucks.
Also remember FPS is how fast the game is drawn, not executed. For some reason, GM can't handle drawing tiles even though it can handle drawing objects. However the rest of a step is still faster when using tiles instead of objects. So while using objects will make your Draw phase faster, it will make your Step phase slower. It also makes room start-up slower too because GM has to handle all those Create events and then deactivate everything (which I don't particularly agree with, since the speed drop with activating/deactivating can potentially negate any benefits).