Um, no. That's not how it works. Conditions to a contract can be in place LONG after departure from your employer.
Exactly. Contracts are however binding their language makes them. If he signed a contract saying he wouldn't divulge certain info, then he can still be sued for breaching that contract even after he quits/retires. At least, that's how it would work in the USA. I don't know the first thing about Japanese civil law.