I suppose in the end, it just depends on how well the brand name is known. I mean, even calling it by another country's known name won't be good if people don't know what it's suppose to be. Though I suppose having a known face associated with the brand would help. Say like with Spongebob or Mario: they're faces are so well known, that even if you call the brand 'Milky Puffs', they'd know it had something to do with either Mario or SBSP. But with a series with ever changing protagonist, it might not be as simple. (And more so, when the series is known to have/change art styles that can dictate how even well known characters look.)
I think Castlevania, while not as mainstream anymore, does at least have a well known brand name and even gameplay style, that most people know about. (Kinda like Reebok shoes.). I think most people would see the game, a different title, and (if they didn't know better) just think it were a ripoff of, erm, Castlevania.